Toutes les [tiges de fruits] qui servent de poignées pour la nourriture, celles qui sont considérées comme connectées en ce qui concerne [être touchée par] une origine d'impureté, sont [également] considérées comme connectées concernant un tevul yom [celui qui a plongé ce jour-là dans un mikva , mais qui doit attendre la tombée de la nuit pour devenir pleinement pur, et qui est d'une impureté du second degré jusque-là]. La nourriture qui a été tranchée, mais qui est attachée par une petite partie, le rabbin Meir dit: si l'on tient la plus grande partie et que la plus petite partie arrive avec elle, elle en est ainsi [c'est-à-dire et est considérée comme liée à elle en ce qui concerne l'impureté] . Le rabbin Yehuda dit: si l'on tient la plus petite partie et que la plus grande partie la trouve, c'est ainsi. Rabbi Nechemia dit: [cette règle s'applique] concernant la partie pure [c'est-à-dire si l'on tient la partie qui n'a pas été touchée par le tevul yom , tout ce qui vient avec elle est considéré comme lié]. Et les Sages disent: [cette règle s'applique] concernant la partie impure. Et en ce qui concerne tous les autres aliments, ceux habituellement tenus par la feuille doivent être tenus par la feuille, et [ceux habituellement tenus] par la tige doivent être tenus par la tige [et si la nourriture ne tombe pas, elle est considérée comme connectée].
Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
כל ידות האוכלים (all [stalks serving as] handles for produce) – the stalks that the food is hung/suspended on them, when they want to suspend them, and a person holds it when he wants to eat the fruit/produce.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
Handles to food, which count as connectives when touched by a "father of uncleanness," also count as connectives when touched by a tevul yom. The mishnah refers here to food that is picked up by using a "handle," a piece of the food. We will explain this more when we learn Tractate Oktzin 1:3. If this part is touched by a "father of uncleanness" the entire piece of food is defiled. Similarly, if the food was touched by a tevul yom, the entire thing is defiled.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
שהם חיבור באב הטומאה (and it is deemed connected by a primary source of ritual uncleanness) – that if the primary source of ritual uncleanness/defilement touched the fruit/produce itself.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
If a food was divided into two yet a small part was still attached: Rabbi Meir says: if one takes hold of the larger part and the smaller part is pulled away with it, behold it is like it. Rabbi Judah says: if one takes hold of the smaller part and the greater is also pulled away with it, then behold it is like it. The mishnah now begins to discuss pieces of food that have been broken into two, and yet are still slightly connected. The question is if one touches part of the disconnected piece, is the entire thing defiled? Rabbi Meir says that for the two parts to be connected all that must occur is that the smaller part would be picked up with the larger part. This would mean that it would be quite to consider the two parts connected. Rabbi Judah rules more leniently. Unless the larger part can be lifted with the smaller part, then the two are not considered connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
חיבור בטבול יום – if it is a handle for produce of priest’s due/heave-offering and the person who had immersed himself that day/Tevul Yom touched that handle, all of the produce/fruit of heave-offering is invalidated.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
Rabbi Nehemiah says: [this refers] to the case of the clean portion. But the sages say: [it refers] to the unclean portion. Rabbi Nehemiah and the sages say that it doesn't matter which part is large or small, what matters is which part was pure and which part was impure. According to Rabbi Nehemiah, we examine the part not touched by the tevul yom. If a person picks up the pure part and the impure part that was touched by the tevul yom comes up with it, it is considered connected. . According to the sages, we examine the part that was touched by the tevul yom. If when one picks up the impure part the pure part comes up with it, then it too is impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
שנפרס (that is broken off/divided) – the language of a piece/half. But there are those who have the reading שנפרם/that it is torn open/exposed. It is the language of (Leviticus 21;10): “or rend his vestments.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tevul Yom
In the case of all other foods, those usually held by the leaf should be taken by the leaf, and those usually held by the stalk should be taken by the stalk. For other types of food, such as vegetables and fruit, the test is performed by holding the part usually held. If the vegetable/fruit is usually held by the leaf then if he picks it up by the leaf and the vegetable/fruit is lifted up as well, then it is all connected. The same is true if the fruit is usually held by the stalk.
אם אוחז בגדול – the large piece, and the small piece goes up with it and is not broken off from everything.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
הרי הוא כמוהו – and if a person who had immersed himself that day/Tevul Yom touched one of them and the second [piece] is invalidated.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
ר' נחמיה אומר בטהור – meaning to say, in that which the person who had immersed himself that day did not touch we estimate/measure, whether it is large or whether it is small. If he grabs hold of it, and the impure part is with him, both of them are impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
וחכמים אומרים בטמא – we estimate/measure, if he grabs hold of the impure piece and the ritually pure piece goes up with it. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
ושאר כל האוכלים – as for example kinds/species of vegetables.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tevul Yom
את שדרכו לאחוז – when he comes to carry it, he holds it by its leaf, but if the green/vegetable breaks and falls when he holds it by the leaf, it is a connection/junction, but if not, it is not a connection, whether if the Tevul Yom/person who had immersed himself that day had touched the leaf or whether he touch the green/vegetable itself.
